Descartes Meditation Iii Summary Essay - 836 Words

Juliana Tabor Professor Webb Introduction to Philosophy 4/1/13 Descartes: Meditations 3 In Descartes’s Meditations III, the Meditator describes his idea of God as a substance that is infinite, eternal, immutable, independent, supremely intelligent, supremely powerful, and which created both myself and everything else.(70) Thus, due to his opinion in regards to the idea of God, the Meditator views God containing a far more objective reality than a formal one. Due to the idea that of God being unable to have originated in himself, he ultimately decides that God must be the cause of the idea, therefore he exists. The meditator defines God as such, â€Å"by ‘God’ I mean the very being the idea of whom is within me, that is, the possessor†¦show more content†¦The idea cannot be contingent, as well as created by the Meditator. If the objective reality of any of my ideas is found to be so great that I am certain that the same reality was not in me, either formally or eminently, and that therefore I myself cannot be the cause of the idea, then it necessarily follows that I am not alone in the world, but that something else, which is the cause of this idea, also exists. (74) Therefore, the Meditator was created by God with the idea of God naturally in him. Furthermore, God is not a deceiving being, due to the fact that deception derives from flaws, and a faultless higher being contains none. I have no choice but to conclude that the mere fact of my existing and of there being in me an idea of a most perfect being †¦ demonstrates most evidently that God too exists.Show MoreRelatedMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesToward a Phenomenology of the Narrative, 16 II Problems of Film Semiotics Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. The Cinema: Language or Language System? 31 Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 92 Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film, 108 III Syntagmatic Analysis of the Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. Syntagmatic Study of Jacques Rozier s Film Adieu Philippine, 177 vii viii CONTENTS IV The ModernRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesNetworked Organizations 20 †¢ Helping Employees Balance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure

Steroid Use in Baseball a Social Injustice - 1823 Words

Steroid Use in Baseball: A Social Injustice? In the year of 1998 the sport of baseball ruled the landscape of the sports world as people all over the country were watching Mark Mcgwire and Sammy Sosa race towards the single-season home run record. Major League Baseball, the ruling body of professional baseball in the United States, was all too thrilled with their newfound popularity and growing revenues. The game of baseball had long been considered â€Å"the† American pastime, but entering the 98’ season the league was still searching for ways to reopen the enthusiasm, and wallets, of baseball fans that had lost interest in the sport, largely due to the strike-shortened campaign in 1994. The home run race between McGwire and Sosa that took†¦show more content†¦The steroid scandal would ultimately culminate with a Congressional investigation into baseball which produced the most comprehensive document on the subject known as â€Å"The Mitchell Report.† This document is a written report to Commissio ner Bud Selig summarizing the widespread use of steroids and performance enhancing drugs that had run rampant through baseball, with players from every team being found to have had some experience with performance enhancing drugs. The 2007 federal report also accuses Major League Baseball of sacrificing the issue of drug testing during collective bargaining junctions with the player’s union in the interest of economics (Mitchell). Steroid use in baseball must be considered a social injustice for several reasons. As previously stated, until recently baseball was considered â€Å"the† American pastime. Major League Baseball maintains an audience of tens of millions Americans, many children, making it a social issue. Additionally, if justice is defined as the principle of social order that defines everything each person is due, then the violation of a fair and equal workplace is clearly evident here. Other perspectives through which one can examine this issue are the ethics of steroid use in competition, or possibly the seemingly conscienceless lies told by the players and others, in court and out. Furthermore aspects of this issue that one might

Healthcare Delivery Systems Free Essays

Chapter 1 – Health Care Delivery Systems There are many interesting and important points in this chapter. Some of them include: Pennsylvania Hospital founded by Ben Franklin was the 1st US hospital University of PA was the US first medical school The AMA was founded in Philadelphia in 1847. The Flexner Report was published in 1910 and impacted the status of medical school education. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthcare Delivery Systems or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hill-Burton Act of 1948 provided federal monies to update hospitals JCAH which is now JCAHO was created in 1951. JCAHO is an independent accreditation agency for health care facilities (all types). Medicare and Medicaid were enacted by Congress in 1965 Privacy Act of 1974 – protect the privacy of information systems in federal health care facilities HCFA (now called CMS) was created in 1977 TEFRA in 1982 established the first Medicare prospective payment system EMTALA of 1985 protected patients against â€Å"dumping† HIPAA was passed in 1996 with components on standardization, simplication, privacy, and security SCHIP was established in 1997 to provide health insurance to infants and children not covered under Medicaid Notice all of the abbreviations used in chapter 1! The use of abbreviations and acronyms is very prevalent in the health care and HIM field. Important Concepts in Chapter 1 Continuum of Care – primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care. Most of us are familiar with primary care, care sought by a patient with medical professionals for current problem or maintenance of a problem. Secondary care is seeing a specialist, dermatologist, neurologist, etc. for a problem, often referred by your primary care or family doctor. Tertiary care is often provided in specialty hospitals. This can include specialty radiograph (PET scan, MRI), burn treatment, cancer treatment centers, etc. Health care facility ownership, there are three kinds of facility ownership in general; government, for profit, and not-for-profit non government (Faith-based hospitals for example). Hospitals are organized with a governing body at the top, sometimes referred to as a board of trustees. Within the hospital and most larger health care facilities (rehab, clinics) there will be an Health Information Management (HIM) or Medical Records Department. However, Medical Records is an older term. Typical functions of an HIM department include, coding, chart abstraction, record processing, record storage and retrieval, medical transcription, release of information (ROI), cancer registry, and index complying and retrieving. The size of the HIM department staff will vary and is usually based on the bed size of the facility and/or annual visits processed (discharged, ED, Outpatient surgery etc. ). One of the most visible components of a health care facility and an HIM department is the coding function. Coding is also seen in outpatient area for physician office and other types of non-hospital based healthcare. This is based partially on the fact the coding is tied to reimbursement and funding for the facility/provider. In the US there are two main coding systems used; ICD-9-CM and HCPCS. HCPCS contains CPT codes which are often thought of as a separate system but CPT is part of HCPCS. CPT codes are used to report physician services regardless of the place of service (hospital, office, ED, clinic, etc. ). ICD-9-CM classification contains diagnoses codes which are used by all providers for coding. ICD-9-CM volume 3 is only used to report inpatient or acute care hospital procedures. Note: CPT does not have any diagnoses codes in it. If a physician uses CPT to code/bill for procedures, ICD-9-CM must also be used. A complete picture must be captured with the procedure and the diagnosis(ies) of the patient for coding/billing to be correct! Licensure and accreditation – your textbook makes a distinction between these wo. Licensure is often governed by state and can be for an individual or a facility. Licensure is most often required for a health care provider or facility to operate in that specific state. Accreditation is for a facility and is most often voluntary. JCAHO is one accreditation body, others include; AAAHC, AOA, CARF, NCQA, NCCHC. New Developments: When the implementation of more digital technology in the area of health care and specifically in the HIM area. Electronic health records (EHR) are being discussed and used more and more in the US. With this type of record gathering and storage, methods of authentication have been updated for the digital age. These include electronic signature. Security measures have also been updated which include smart cards and biometrics. Your textbook also includes some excellent websites for concepts in this chapter. You may also want to refer to this list when you are looking for journal articles to complete lab assignment 2-5 which will be due next week. How to cite Healthcare Delivery Systems, Essay examples

Defend a clear position on whether or not any constraint ought to be placed on the freedom of a business toExport capital for production free essay sample

Using at least two (2) of the foundational ethical theories studied in Module 2, you should answer the following questions. With each answer, you should discuss the issues and set forth and defend a clear position on whether or not any constraint ought to be placed on the freedom of a business to: Export capital for production The exporting of capital for production would not be supported by a utilitarian and would be found to be unethical. A utilitarian would argue that by allowing our capital to be produced abroad we would be hurting ourselves domestically by giving up potential jobs to workers internationally and by limiting domestic usage. In today’s economy a company can set up production plants in virtually any country they want, and most tend to go where the cost of labor is least expensive. A utilitarian’s goal is to determine how to obtain â€Å"the greatest possible balance of good over bad for everyone effected by our actions† (Shaw Barry, 2013). American production is a shell of what it once was, and with next to nothing to export, and potential production being lost to overseas cheap labor we will never be able to obtain the level of production that we once had. In addition more times than not the individuals working at the production plants making US products will not make enough money to be able to afford the goods they are helping to produce and because they are paid based on their counties cheap labor rate, although they will have a job they will probably not be paid enough to improve their financial status much if at all. Export commodities which have been banned from sale in the United States Although common sense will tell us that will the straight safety guidelines set forth by the US it would be unethical to export commodities banned in the US to foreign countries an egoist may tell you differently. Egoism tells us that if the action is good for me then it is in fact ethical, and can result in conclusions that most would agree to be unethical (Shaw Barry, 2013). In 2011, according to the United States Geological Survey, the U.S. exported about $27 million worth of asbestos products and Nearly 1.7 billion pounds of pesticides were exported from U.S. ports between 2001 and 2003. Nearly 28 million pounds of those pesticides were products forbidden in the U.S. (Peebles, 2013). One of the guidelines for selling these forbidden products to other countries is that disclosure is made to the foreign country that the product they are being sold is banned for sale in the US. By providing them with this information we are giving them the opportunity to decline the potentially dangerous product while making an unethical decision appear to be ethical for the good of the US by cashing in on unsafe items which carry hefty costs to safely dispose of. Downsize in the face of economic difficulty As we have seen in recent years downsizing in the face of economic difficulty is becoming a larger and larger threat faced by today’s workforce. A libertarian is someone who would determine if something was ethical by asking if a situation upholds or promotes liberty for all who may have rights. In terms how a libertarian would view downsizing we would first have to determine what rights we need to examine. For this example I would say that the employees have a right to know that downsizing is a risk and be informed as to what the company has done to cut costs in other areas to prevent having to reduce their workforce. The more informed staff is the more accepting they may be if downsizing affects them. By keeping them in the loop and allowing them to help cut costs. â€Å"Engage work force in generation of ideasboth cost-cutting and revenue generation. Your employees know a great deal about what it takes to do their work effectively and efficiently. Employees can be a wonderful resource for new ideas. Don’t overlook their ingenuity† (Ethics Resource Center, 2009). A libertarian would support downsizing as long as the employees being affected fell that they have been adequately informed and believe that all other avenues have been exhausted as non-profitability cannot be sustain by a company for any length of time. Break union contracts in the face of economic difficulty A utilitarian may view this as ethical. If breaching the contract can save jobs that could potentially be lost then breaking the union contract may in fact be supported. †Private sector union membership has steadily fallen, mainly because of the decline or failure of the businesses that employ them.  In a competitive, globalized world, there is little room for the rigid work rules, prohibition from rewarding superior employee performance, strikebound production losses, and adversarial atmosphere that renders unionized companies uncompetitive.† (Morgan, 2009) Many employees feel that unions do nothing for them and often feel that they only see their union stewards when it is time to collect dues. If a business is forced into union contracts that require them to reach unattainable contract items in times of economic uncertainty then the business could eventually be forced to downsize, harming themselves and the workers that could be affected.